Q What is the difference between lead-free and unleaded petrol? - G Gregg, Ferryhill.

A The sale of four-star leaded petrol ceased in the UK and Europe after January 1, 2000. Only special licensed pumps for leaded fuel remained for use for classic vehicles or at racing circuits.

By 2000, most cars had been adapted or specifically built for use with unleaded petrol. Almost all filling stations were operating unleaded pumps well before this time. In 2000, all the remaining unlicensed leaded pumps in British petrol stations had been converted to 'Lead Replacement Petrol' or LRP. This fuel was designed for cars unable to adapt to unleaded fuel. I understand that LRP fuel is also referred to as 'lead free fuel' and I think this is what you have seen advertised at petrol stations.

The basic ingredient of LRP is super-unleaded petrol. The only difference is a special additive that adds a lubricant quality to the fuel. The additive in the LRP forms a lubricant layer between the exhaust valve and the valve seat. This performs a function previously achieved by the lead in the leaded petrol.

Older, classic cars are designed to run on leaded petrol, but are able to use LRP. However, classic car owners may find it increasingly difficult to find LRP pumps as the sale of LRP declines. Many prefer to use the specially licensed leaded pumps or they may use specially formulated additives approved by the Federation of British Historic Vehicle Clubs.

Q What is the origin of the place-name Vigo near Chester-le-Street? - Bill Hutchinson, Chester-le-Street.

A This name comes from Vigo in Spain and commemorates a battle between the British and Spanish fleets at Vigo Bay in 1702. The British were victorious and eventually captured the port of Vigo in 1719.

At nearby Birtley there is a place called Portobello, which commemorates the sacking of Porto Bello in Panama by the British fleet in 1719. The place name Quebec near Esh Winning is sometimes thought to commemorate the capture of Quebec from the French by the British General Wolfe in 1759. Bloemfontein near Stanley and Inkerman near Tow Law are named after battles that took place respectively in the Boer War and the Crimean War.

Published: 10/06/2002

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