IN September 2002, the BBC's Inside Out programme declared Darlington to be the "hairdressing capital of Britain" as its 97th hairdresser had just opened.
This meant that Darlington had more hairdressers per head of population than any other town in the country, a statistic that proved it was a cut above the rest.
But this month's exhibition in the Darlington Centre for Local Studies in the Crown Street library proves that the town has always been ahead of the pack at the cutting edge of fashion.
The exhibition is entitled Mutton Chops, Chin Curtains and Handlebars and features pictures from the library's collection that show men – usually councillors – with extravagant facial hair.
General Ambrose Burnside is probably the most famous wearer of extravagant facial hair of all time. He was a general in the Union army during the American Civil War – not a particularly good general, which may be why he is remembered for his whiskers. They spread from his ears down to his jaw and over his upper lip but his chin was clean shaven. From as early as 1866, this style was being referred to as "burnside whiskers" by American troops, and when the British picked it up from 1875, they reversed the general's name and referred to the style as "sideburns".
READ MORE: DID A DANDY HIGHWAYMAN LIKE DICK TURPIN EVER TERRORISE DARLINGTON AND SOUTH DURHAM?
Sideburns were, in effect, a combination of two styles that were all the rage in the 1850s and 1860s. Firstly, the mutton-chop, which was hair that was shaped like a cut of meat: narrow at the ear but broad and rounded at the jaw with the chin and the upper lip clean shaven.
And, secondly, the chin curtain, as popularised by Abraham Lincoln when he became the 16th president of the United States in 1861. It wraps from ear to ear and under the mouth, but keeps the upper lip clean shaven. It is full and fluffy beneath the mouth and it should not be mistaken for the chinstrap beard, which is thin and follows the line of the jaw with the lower lip clean shaven (the hair beneath the lower lip is apparently called "the soul patch").
In Darlington, one of the barbers who sculpted this hairwear was Jonathan Dresser who, when he died in 1891, was credited with being one of the town's first hairdressers.
He was born in 1808, at Nether Silton, near Osmotherley, into a devout Methodist family, and came to Darlington when he was 13 to become an apprentice hairdresser to his brother-in-law, Mr Muir, who practised the art of hairdressing in Prebend Row, at the top of Priestgate.
Mr Muir was hailed as the town's first hairdresser, but in reality there must have been people trimming hair in return for money for centuries before. Anyhow, when he retired in 1829, Jonathan took over the business and became the first hairdresser of the railway age.
These were also the days when carriages on the Stockton & Darlington Railway were pulled by horses rather than steam locomotives, and Jonathan came to an agreement with the horse drivers.
"Mr Dresser sometimes went by the railway a little beyond Fighting Cocks (near Middleton St George) to dress hair at farmers' houses," said his obituary in 1891 in The Northern Echo. "They (the horsemen) let him out wherever he wanted. In returning, he hailed them from a field off and they stopped to take him home. They don't do that nowadays."
Jonathan continued his family's Methodist tradition and, in 1837, took a vow of teetotalism.
The concept of totally abstaining from drink had only reached Darlington in 1835. Soberly, he became one of the town's leading men.
He sat on the local Board of Health and the first town council, he became an alderman and he refused the mayorship on a couple of occasions.
Sometime around 1870, he moved from Prebend Row to Prospect Place – roughly where the HSBC is today. He called himself a "hair specialist" and a "perfumer". His shop window boasted "umbrellas recovered" and that "razors and strops" were for sale (a strop is "a leather strap or an abrasive strip for sharpening razors".) It was from Prospect Place that Jonathan retired in 1881. He died, aged 83, at 20 minutes to noon at his home in Duke Street on Friday, March 20, 1891, of "senile decay". He is buried in West Cemetery.
As an alderman, he was widely respected in the town, and as a hairdresser, he was a pioneer: he was known as "one of the fast set", despite his Methodist adherence to not drinking.
His picture, showing his rakish chinstrap beard and chunky bowtie, is in the exhibition Mutton Chops, Chin Curtains and Handlebars, which runs in the library until December 2. Entry is free. Here are some more pictures from the exhibition:
READ MORE: HOW DARLINGTON COMMEMORATED ITS FIRST WORLD WAR HEROES WITH A CONTROVERSIAL MEDAL
Comments: Our rules
We want our comments to be a lively and valuable part of our community - a place where readers can debate and engage with the most important local issues. The ability to comment on our stories is a privilege, not a right, however, and that privilege may be withdrawn if it is abused or misused.
Please report any comments that break our rules.
Read the rules hereLast Updated:
Report this comment Cancel